precipitation accompany it. View A of figure 4-27shows the height of the inversion in two different partsof a frontal zone, and view B of figure 4-27 shows astrong frontal inversion with a consequent dew-pointinversion.A cold front generally shows a stronger inversionthan a warm front, and the inversion appears atsuccessively higher levels as the front moves past astation. The reverse is true of warm fronts. Occludedfronts generally show a double inversion. However, asthe occlusion process continues, mixing of the airmasses takes place, and the inversions are wiped out orfuse into one inversion.It is very important in raob analysis not to confusethe subsidence inversion of polar and arctic air masseswith frontal inversions. Extremely cold continentalarctic air, for instance, has a strong inversion thatextends to the 700-mb level. Sometimes it is difficult tofind an inversion on a particular sounding, though it isknown that a front intersects the column of air over agiven station. This may be because of adiabaticwarming of the descending cold air just under thefrontal surface or excessive local vertical mixing in thevicinity of the frontal zone. Under conditions ofsubsidence of the cold air beneath the frontal surface,the subsidence inversion within the cold air may bemore marked than the frontal zone itself.Sometimes fronts on a raob sounding, which mightshow a strong inversion, often are accompanied by littleweather activity. This is because of subsidence in thewarm air, which strengthens the inversion. The weatheractivity at a front increases only when there is a netupward vertical motion of the warm air mass.WindSince winds near Earth’s surface flow mainly alongthe isobars with a slight drift toward lower pressure, itfollows that the wind direction in the vicinity of a frontmust conform with the isobars. The arrows in figure4-28 indicate the winds that correspond to the pressuredistribution.4-28ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDINGSIN THE COLD AIR MASSFRONTAL SURFACEWARM AIR MASSCOLD AIR MASSSURFACEPOSITIONOF FRONTWARM AIR MASSDEW POINTTEMPERATUREACCUMULATIONOF MOISTUREHEREA. HEIGHT AND THICKNESSOF INVERSION INDICATES SLOPEOF FRONT AND INTENSITYB. FRONTAL INVERSIONAG5f0427Figure 4-27.—Inversions.HIGHAG5f0428HIGHLOW10041008AHIGHHIGHLOWB10001004HIGHHIGHLOWC10001004HIGHHIGHLOWD9961000Figure 4-28.—Types of isobars associated with fronts.
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