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Appendix II Answers - 14312_204
Appendix II Answers - 14312_206

Aerographers Mate, Module 05-Basic Meteorology
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A3-9.  The difference between gradient wind and geostrophic wind is that gradient wind flow is parallel  to the curved portion of the analysis.  Geostrophic wind is the windflow that is parallel to that portion of the analysis showing straight flow. A3-10.  The relationship between centrifugal force and pressure gradient force around anticyclones is that the centrifugal force acts with the pressure gradient force. A3-11.  Anticyclogenesis  is  the  term  defined  as  the  formation  of  an  anticyclone  or  the intensification of an existing one. A3-12.  The direction of windflow around a cyclone is counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. A3-13.  The temperatures in a cold core low decrease toward the center. A3-14.  Low  pressure  due  to  intense  heating  in  the  southwestern  United  States  is  an example of a warm core low. A3-15.  Monsoon winds are caused by the unequal heating and cooling of land and water surfaces. A3-16.  Land and sea breezes are caused by the diurnal (daily) contrast in the heating of local water and land areas. A3-17.  Bernoulli's theorem states that pressures are least where velocities are greatest, and pressures are greatest where velocities are least. A3-18.  A valley breeze usually reaches it's maximum strength in the early afternoon. A3-19.  An  eddy  is  caused  when  the  wind  flows  over  or  adjacent  to  rough  terrain, buildings, mountains or other obstructions. A3-20.  Foehn winds are caused by adiabatic heating of descending air on the lee sides of mountains. CHAPTER 4 A4-1.  An air mass is a body of air extending over a large area (usually 1,000 miles or more across). A4-2.  The two primary factors necessary to produce an air mass are a surface whose properties are relatively uniform and a large divergent flow. A4-3.  Maritime tropical air that is colder than the surface over which it is moving is written as mTk. A4-4.  The modifying factors on air mass stability are thermodynamic and mechanical. A4-5.  Superior air is the warmest air mass observed in the United States at its altitude. A4-6.  A frontal surface is the surface that separates the air masses. A4-7.  The frontal zone is located between the air masses of different densities. A4-8.  The difference between a stable wave and an unstable wave is that a stable wave neither develops nor occludes.  An unstable wave develops along the polar front and usually occludes. A4-9.  Frontogenesis  occurs  where  there  is  a  concentration  of  isotherms  with  the circulation to sustain that concentration. A4-10.  The polar front in winter is usually found off east coasts of continents between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. AII-3







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