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CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA
CLIMATOLOGICAL REFERENCES

Aerographers Mate, Module 05-Basic Meteorology
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Graphs are usually divided into bar and line graphs, or the graph may be a combination of the two. Figure 6-5  is  an  example  of  a  bar  graph  and  a  line  graph showing  the  same  information.  Figure  6-6  shows  a combination of a bar and line graph used to depict cloud cover. This type of depiction is used in the most recent U.S. Navy Marine Climatic Atlas of the World. AVAILABILITY OF DATA Every Naval Meteorology Oceanography Command activity should have climatological records available for their area and for such other areas as may be necessary to provide climatological support at the local  command  level.  Various  climatological  records are  available  from  Fleet  Numerical  Meteorology  and Oceanography Detachment (FNMOD), Asheville, NC 28801-2696,  or  by  contacting  their  website.  These records    include    the    Summary    of    Meteorological Observations, Surface (SMOS); Local Climatological Data   (LCD);   Summary   of   Synoptic   Meteorological Observations (SSMO); and Summary of Meteorological Observations, Radiosonde (SMOR). Frequency SMOS Frequency SMOS summaries are prepared for all naval observing stations from navy monthly meteorological records (MMRs). Each SMOS is for a specific  station.  Frequency  distributions  for  various parameters are presented by time of day, month, and year. SMOS are revised every 5 years. Local Climatological Data Summary The  LCD  summary  is  prepared  only  for  selected civilian stations in the continental U.S.A. (CONUS). It consists of means and extremes (temperature, precipitation, wind, etc.) by month, mean temperature and  total  precipitation  by  month  for  specific  years  of record,  and  monthly  and  seasonal  degree-days.  The LCD is revised annually. Cross-Wind Summary The Cross Wind Summary presents the percentage of occurrence of cross winds for a given location. It is produced only on request. Summary of Synoptic Meteorological Observations (SSMO) The  SSMO  presents  useful  monthly  and  annual tabulations  of  surface  climatological  data  and  various combinations of the included parameters. SSMOs were last updated in the mid-seventies and are supplemented by the Near Coastal Zone Studies. Near Coastal Zone Studies Near   Coastal   Zone   Studies   are   currently   being developed  by  FNMOD,  Asheville,  to  supplement  the SMOS  by  providing  detailed  climatological  data  for areas  of  higher  interest.  Near  Coastal  Zone  Studies present data in both graphic and tabular formats. Summary of Meteorological Observations, Radiosonde (SMOR) The SMOR is used to prepare monthly winds aloft summaries,  which  generally  include  various  constant height  and  constant  pressure  levels.  The  summaries contain winds aloft data, giving speeds and directions over the period covered. 6-14 PRECIPITATION 50 40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 PRECIPITATION (A) (B) AG5f 0605 Figure 6-5.—A comparison of the bar and line graph method of showing the variable annual precipitation in a time series. (A) Bar graph; (B) Line graphs.







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