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BRIEFING OF METOC SUPPORT FOR AMW OPERATIONS
BRIEFING OF AVAILABLE METOC SERVICES

Aerographers Mate 1 & C
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l  OA  division  personnel  must  make  environmental recommendations  to  the  CATF  and  Commander, Landing  Force  (CLF). . Factors in the environment that can be exploited to enhance safety, covertness, or defense readiness must be made known to the appropriate parties. l METOC conditions play an enormous role in the successful  outcome  of  AMW  operations. THE REHEARSAL PHASE This phase is the “dry run” and is used to test the adequacy of plans and to evaluate the readiness of forces. It also is used to check the timing sequence of each  event  and  also  as  an  opportunity  to  test communications. This phase may or may not take place, depending  on  the  situation. l  OA  division  personnel  should  take  this opportunity to test the adequacy of support and support timing for the actual assault and make changes as necessary. l Weaknesses uncovered in the development of support   products,    the   Amphibious   Warfare Environmental  Summary,  and  in  the  timeliness  of delivery during this phase will prove to be a valuable “lessons   learned”. l  OA  division  personnel  should  also  check familiarity  with  OPPLANS/OPTASK  METOC. THE  MOVEMENT  PHASE During this phase, the Amphibious Task Force (ATF) is vulnerable to enemy interception so the full spectrum   of   defensive/offensive   support   products should  be  disseminated  and  updated  twice  daily. l  OA  division  personnel  should  provide  necessary environmental support according to the OPORD. l  It  is  important  to  avoid  heavy  weather  to minimize effects to deckloaded cargo and embarked troops. l Intelligence may have aerial photographs of the assault  site,  which  can  be  useful  in  locating  and determining such features as surf zone, rip currents, bottom  obstacles,  and  floating  debris. ASSAULT PHASE This phase starts with the arrival of the ATF in the Amphibious  Objective  Area  (AOA)  and  terminates  with the accomplishment of the ATF mission. Operations   conducted   during   this   phase   are critically  dependent  upon  environmental  factors. Significant Weather Significant weather includes the following factors: l Precipitation — Heavy precipitation interferes with the movement ashore and the push inland. Strike capability  is  greatly  diminished. l Lightning — Poses a grave danger during boat operations. l Low visibility —  Hampers  small  boat  operation. l Wind direction/speed —  Can  modify  breaker type in the surf zone and affect flight operations. May also reduce visibility in the surf zone. l  Modified  surf  index  (MSI)   —   Most   critical parameter in a waterborne assault. Aviation Weather Aviation  weather factors: is dependent on the following Cloud cover (bases and tops). Prevailing  and  sector  risibilities, Surface  and  upper  level  winds. Density  altitude  (DA)  and  pressure  altitude (PA). Air/sea temperature, icing, freezing level. Contrail  formation. Bingo  fields. EO  weapon/sensor  performance. Any  other  significant  weather. Currents In the discussion of currents we will first discuss, offshore  currents,  followed  by  rip  currents,  and  shore currents. 13-8







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